Glucagon Like Peptide 1 – Related Analogs

Insulin release from the beta cells is influenced by nutrients (both carbohydrates and noncarbohydrates), hormonal factors including gut hormones and neural factors. Of all these insulin secretagogues, glucose availability is the major physiological determinant of insulin secretion. The insulin secretory response is greater after oral administration of glucose than after intravenous glucose administration (Fig – 1), an indication that absorption of glucose by way of gastro-intestinal tract stimulates the release of hormones and other mechanism that ultimately enhance the sensitivity of the beta cell to glucose. This phenomenon is known as ‘Incretin effect’ and is facilitated by gut hormones.